Fundamental manufacturing processes are the processes required to produce and make a machine part. Machining machines are used to make these operations in machinery manufacturing. One or more machines can be used according to the workpiece feature and precision. Especially with the use of CNC benches and additional machining apparatus, all operations for simple workpieces can be performed successfully on a machine.

Turning Process

Turning is a circular sawdust removal process from the rotating workpiece attached to the mirror with cutting tools (pencil, cutting edge) with certain geometrical structure cutting edges. In general, the movement of turning to the workpiece is applied. Turning operations are performed on conventional turning lathes or on CNC lathes for mass production. Turning operations are applied to cylindrical or cylindrical diameter parts. Turning operations, internal and external turning, face turning, profile turning, grooving, screwing, taper turning, part cutting, curving and angle chamfering operations, boring, etc. transactions are made.

Milling Process

Milling is the manufacturing of straight or curved surfaces, grooves, helical grooves, gears and threads, removing chips with single or multi-edged cutting tools with certain geometric structures in pocket and step machining, drilling and enlarging. In the milling process, the cutting tool can be moving or both moving depending on the workpiece process status. Milling is done on conventional milling machines or on fine and precise CNC milling machines. General milling operations are classified as plane face milling, profile milling, channel milling, form milling, hob milling. In milling process, hard HSS one-piece cutting tools are used, as well as coated insert inserts have been used in recent years. Milling machines have more processing and cutting power than turning machines in terms of machining. With milling process, all kinds of grooving, chip removal from plane surfaces, threading, pocket machining, hole enlargement, big step screw drilling, obtaining helical and angled surfaces, blind hole drilling, hole drilling, etc. many operations can be done extremely quickly and precisely.

Drilling Process

The cutter drill, which rotates around its own axis, is the drilling of cylindrical holes along the surface of the part with milling knives or cylindrical holes of one size closed (blind hole). Drill benches are used for drilling. However, a hole punching apparatus can be installed on the machine, and CNC boring machines or CNC milling machines can also be drilled. Drilling can be done with drill bits or with cylindrical milling cutters. CNC milling machines, drilling tools and milling knives are used especially for drilling holes of a certain depth that are not blind, that is, from the entire length, and drilling of certain precision axial holes. Drilling is one of the most basic manufacturing processes. High speed steel (HSS) drills are used in these processes. Recently, coated and indexable drills have been used. Especially since these cutters have very high chip removal potential, they are widely used in CNC turnings, CNC milling and CNC boring machines.

Reaming Process

Reaming is a hole improvement process with little sawdust removing to manufacture high quality and suitable precision holes. Reaming process is used to provide axial smoothness, precise dimensional accuracy and fine surface roughness to the holes drilled. Reaming is divided into cylindrical reaming and conical reaming. While the cylindrical reaming process is applied to the cylindrical holes and the conical reaming process is used to correct the conical holes. Reaming is similar to drilling. Reamers are used instead of drills only for precision machining. In these processes, helical or straight grooved reamers are used.

Grinding Process

The grinding process is the process of obtaining very fine surface precision, ensuring the dimensional accuracy, obtaining a lower roughness surface with a small amount of chip removal from the surface of machine parts machined with various grain size cylindrical stones. The grinding process is the fact that the abrasive stones formed by the particles combined with the binding materials cut very small amounts from the workpiece, that is, it abrades the workpiece. Grinding is generally done at grinding machines. However, it can also be made on CNC turnings and milling machines by installing additional apparatus. . In CNC machining, especially in order to save time to places that require additional processing and to eliminate a second machining, especially simple hole and outer surface grinding operations can be carried out easily. In the grinding process, grinding tools combined with various grain size chemicals with natural and artificial particles are used. It is possible to remove a small amount of sawdust from the surface of the parts that are difficult to machine especially hard by grinding. Grinding process is classified as profile grinding, plunge grinding, cylindrical grinding, plane surface grinding. Apart from these processes, other basic manufacturing processes are applied to the machine parts. Other basic operations, such as honing, lapping, crocheting, polishing, are also carried out. These processes are mostly applied to the parts to be processed precisely and finely..